Questions:
Note that these questions are about somewhat more subtle issues. Read on if you are still
confused or interested
after following the explanation above.
If the wheel went the other way, wouldn't it eventually end up pointing the same way?
The wheel would make it around to the same point
eventually. The short answer is that we
are dealing with a short time interval, and the shortest time is obtained by going counter-clockwise
as shown in the movie.
The longer answer: The point here is that we can only say "Δ L and &taunet are parallel" for
small time intervals. Strictly speaking, that relation is only true when &taunetis constant, but for
small times &tau is approximatly constant. We can imagine taking a very short time interval
so &Delta L is small (recall &Delta L = &taunet &Delta t). Going clockwise
would take a long time, whereas going counter-clockwise would not.
Therefore our explanation really does explain why the precession is counter-clockwise when
viewed from above.
What about the fact that it is rotating counter-clockwise (as seen from above)?
Doesn't that mean that there are vertical components of L to worry about?
There
are vertical components of
L due to the fact that the wheel is precessing
conuterclockwise. Using your RHR you should be able to tell that the vertical components of angular
momentum points upward (the floor being the obvious direction for "down").
However, we saw quite clearly that the torque (as given by the RHR) was directly into the
page. Therefore the change in angular momentum must also point into the page. But as soon as rotation
starts there is a vertical component! How does this work?
The trick is that the wheel dips down, so the vertical component of the wheel's angular
momentum is pointed down. The component gained from precession that points up
exactly cancels this downward part. Thus the change in total angular momentum is still
into the page, it is just that the wheel is tilted slightly. The diagram below
should help explain how this works:
Don't worry too much about this: it is a fairly subtle explanation; typically
the dominatant effects are the precession and the fact the wheel does not fall completely.